# Rafael
*companies*

## Specifications
- **merge suggestions**: [{"slug":"asal","name":"Agence Spatiale Algerienne","score":0.5,"matchedOn":"slug","matchedValue":"asal"},{"slug":"abae","name":"Agencia Bolivariana para Actividades Espaciales","score":0.5,"matchedOn":"slug","matchedValue":"abae"}]
- **operator domains**: ["rafael.co.il"]
- **website**: https://www.rafael.co.il/
- **entity type**: company
- **last verified date**: 2026-06-26
- **verified by**: agency-doc
- **claim status**: unclaimed
- **attributes**: {"merge_suggestions":"[{\"slug\":\"asal\",\"name\":\"Agence Spatiale Algerienne\",\"score\":0.5,\"matchedOn\":\"slug\",\"matchedValue\":\"asal\"},{\"slug\":\"abae\",\"name\":\"Agencia Bolivariana para Actividades Espaciales\",\"score\":0.5,\"matchedOn\":\"slug\",\"matchedValue\":\"abae\"}]","operator_domains":"[\"rafael.co.il\"]","website":"https://www.rafael.co.il/"}

## Editorial
Rafael Advanced Defense Systems Ltd. is an Israeli state-owned defense technology company with narrow EO relevance in spacecraft propulsion and subsystem supply. The organisation traces its origin to a national defense research and development laboratory founded in 1948 and was incorporated as a limited company in 2002.[^rafael-home] Rafael is responsible for most spacecraft propulsion systems in Israel's civil space-programme context.[^israel-space-agency-industrial-groups] For EO buyers, the practical link is subsystem heritage rather than imagery, analytics or data operation. The VENUS technology mission used Israeli Hall Effect Thrusters for orbit maintenance, low-orbit transfer and support of low-altitude imaging operations.[^venus-technology-crosscheck]

## Sources
- [rafael-home] | Rafael official website | https://www.rafael.co.il/ | tier=operator-marketing | accessed=2026-06-26
- [israel-space-agency-industrial-groups] | Israel Space Agency industrial groups and spacecraft propulsion role | https://space.gov.il/en | tier=agency-doc | accessed=2026-06-26
- [venus-technology-crosscheck] | VENμS technology mission cross-check | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/VEN%CE%BcS | tier=community | accessed=2026-06-26

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Source: https://eo-atlas.org/companies/rafael
Maintainer: SpectraWorks B.V. (CC-BY 4.0)