# Dnepr
*launch services*

## Specifications
- **entity type**: launch_service
- **last verified date**: 2026-06-16
- **verified by**: operator
- **claim status**: unclaimed
- **attributes**: {}

## Editorial
Dnepr was a converted SS-18 / R-36M intercontinental ballistic missile used as a three-stage orbital launch vehicle for commercial and agency satellite missions.[^esa-cryosat-launcher][^dnepr-user-guide][^spaceflightnow-dnepr-2015] International Space Company Kosmotras managed Dnepr launch services, as reflected in the Dnepr user guide and contemporary launch-service reporting.[^dnepr-user-guide][^spaceflightnow-dnepr-2015] It is retired: orbital service ran from 1999-04-21 through the KOMPSat-3A launch on 2015-03-25, and it is not an available launch service.[^spaceflightnow-dnepr-2015][^russianspaceweb-kompsat3a][^nextspaceflight-dnepr] Baseline performance is about 3,600 kg to 300 km low Earth orbit and about 2,300 kg to 300 km Sun-synchronous orbit.[^globalsecurity-dnepr] Dnepr supported Earth-observation use cases, including ESA's CryoSat-2 launch from Baikonur on 2010-04-08.[^esa-cryosat-launcher]

## Compositional position
- theos-1 (missions) --[related]--> Dnepr

## Sources
- [dnepr-user-guide] | Dnepr User Guide, Issue 2 | https://sky-brokers.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/04/Dnepr-User-Guide.pdf | tier=operator-datasheet | accessed=2026-06-16 | published=2001-11-01
  Mirrored copy of ISC Kosmotras user guide; original operator site unavailable in this pass.
- [esa-cryosat-launcher] | CryoSat Launcher, ESA | https://www.esa.int/Applications/Observing_the_Earth/FutureEO/CryoSat/Launcher | tier=agency-doc | accessed=2026-06-16
- [spaceflightnow-dnepr-2015] | Customers assured of Dnepr rocket's near-term availability, Spaceflight Now | https://spaceflightnow.com/2015/02/06/customers-assured-of-dnepr-rockets-nearterm-availability/ | tier=third-party | accessed=2026-06-16 | published=2015-02-06
- [russianspaceweb-kompsat3a] | Dnepr mission with Kompsat-3A satellite, RussianSpaceWeb | https://www.russianspaceweb.com/dnepr-kompsat-3a-arirang-3a.html | tier=third-party | accessed=2026-06-16
- [nextspaceflight-dnepr] | Dnepr rocket, Next Spaceflight | https://nextspaceflight.com/rockets/192/ | tier=community | accessed=2026-06-16
- [globalsecurity-dnepr] | Dnepr Launch Vehicle, GlobalSecurity.org | https://www.globalsecurity.org/space/world/russia/dnepr.htm | tier=third-party | accessed=2026-06-16

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Source: https://eo-atlas.org/launch_services/dnepr
Maintainer: SpectraWorks B.V. (CC-BY 4.0)