# PAMI-1
*missions*

First Dutch Defence EO satellite; VHR optical ISR mission for Netherlands Armed Forces. Carries cosine Valk VHR sensor and TScout HP TIR payload. Bus: Blue Canyon Technologies Saturn ESPA-grande. Launch planned early 2028.

## Specifications
- **operator**: nl-mod
- **deployment context**: orbital
- **current status**: planned
- **planned launch**: 2028-01-01
- **entity type**: mission
- **last verified date**: 2026-06-11
- **verified by**: sw
- **claim status**: unclaimed
- **provider**: nl-mod
- **attributes**: {"operator":"nl-mod","deployment_context":"orbital","description":"First Dutch Defence EO satellite; VHR optical ISR mission for Netherlands Armed Forces. Carries cosine Valk VHR sensor and TScout HP TIR payload. Bus: Blue Canyon Technologies Saturn ESPA-grande. Launch planned early 2028.","current_status":"planned","planned_launch":"2028-01-01","summary":"PAMI-1 is the first Dutch Defence EO satellite, an ISR mission for the Netherlands Armed Forces (Defence Space Security Centre, Royal Dutch Air Force). Built on a Blue Canyon Technologies Saturn ESPA-grande bus (up to 200 kg payload capacity). Primary payload: cosine Valk VHR electro-optical sensor (VHR visible/spectral). Secondary payload: TScout HP high-resolution thermal IR imager for night/low-visibility ISR. Laser satellite communications provided by FSO Instruments. Consortium led by FSO Instruments and Axient Systems; VDL ETG as contract manufacturer; TNO and NLR as research partners. Launch target early 2028 (sources show 2027-2028 range; 2028 is current best estimate). Orbit unconfirmed in public sources. Confidence medium: pre-launch, some details commercially sensitive."}
- **relevance**: in-scope

## Editorial
PAMI-1 is the first Dutch Defence EO satellite, an intelligence, surveillance, and reconnaissance (ISR) mission for the Netherlands Armed Forces, operated by the Defence Space Security Centre of the Royal Dutch Air Force. The spacecraft is built on a Blue Canyon Technologies Saturn ESPA-grande bus, which supports up to approximately 200 kg of payload capacity.[^fso-pami-page][^hollandhightech-pami]

According to operator and developer press releases, the primary payload is the cosine Valk VHR electro-optical sensor, described as providing very high-resolution visible and spectral imaging.[^cosine-pami-page] A secondary payload, TScout HP, is described by the operator as a high-resolution thermal infrared imager for night and low-visibility ISR operations. FSO Instruments states that laser satellite communications are provided by their technology.[^fso-pami-page] The consortium is led by FSO Instruments and Axient Systems, with VDL ETG as contract manufacturer and TNO and NLR as research partners.[^fso-pami-page][^cosine-pami-page]

Launch is targeted for early 2028, according to cosine press sources from 2025.[^cosine-pami-page] Earlier sources from FSO Instruments and Holland High Tech cited first-half 2027; the 2028 estimate reflects the more recent schedule.[^fso-pami-page][^payloadspace-pami] Orbit type and altitude had not been confirmed in publicly available documentation at time of research. Launch vehicle had not been publicly confirmed.

## Compositional position
- PAMI-1 --[mission_payloads]--> valk-vhr (products)
- PAMI-1 --[mission_payloads]--> tscout-hp (products)

## Sources
- [cosine-pami-page] | Valk unveiled at cosine ministerial visit, cosine | https://www.cosine.eu/valk-unveiled-during-ministerial-visit-at-cosine-showcasing-pamis-dutch-innovation-in-space/ | tier=operator-press | accessed=2026-06-11
- [fso-pami-page] | PAMI-1 satellite overview, FSO Instruments | https://www.fso-instruments.nl/item/pami-1/ | tier=operator-marketing | accessed=2026-06-11
- [hollandhightech-pami] | PAMI-1 first Dutch Defence satellite, Holland High Tech | https://www.hollandhightech.nl/en/news-calendar/news/pami-1-is-the-first-in-a-series-of-satellites-to-strengthen-dutch-space-capabilities | tier=operator-press | accessed=2026-06-11
- [payloadspace-pami] | First Dutch Military EO Sat, Payload Space | https://payloadspace.com/first-dutch-military-eo-sat-to-launch-in-2027/ | tier=community | accessed=2026-06-11

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Source: https://eo-atlas.org/missions/pami-1
Maintainer: SpectraWorks B.V. (CC-BY 4.0)