Coastal water quality

Coastal water quality uses satellite retrieval of water-leaving radiance products including chlorophyll-a, suspended particulate matter, turbidity, coloured dissolved organic matter, and water clarity in coastal and estuarine waters.^[1][2]

The primary modality is multispectral or hyperspectral ocean-colour radiometry with atmospheric correction tuned for optically complex Case 2 coastal waters.^[2][3]

Chlorophyll, turbidity, and suspended-matter products are operationally scalable, while site-specific calibration remains important in optically complex waters.^[1][2]

Ocean-colour water-leaving radiance retrieval supports chlorophyll-a, coloured dissolved organic matter, suspended sediment, turbidity, and water clarity products, with atmospheric correction and bottom reflectance challenges in shallow or turbid coastal waters.^[1][2]

Hyperspectral classification can separate optically active constituents and benthic or substrate classes where spectral resolution is high enough, and multisensor spatiotemporal fusion improves temporal continuity for cloudy coastal monitoring across sensors with different revisit and band sets.^[1][2]